Overview of Various Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a network which consists of thousands of sensor mobile nodes with no proper infrastructure and which are communicating over the wireless links. The nodes in a particular network transfer data from source to destination on the basis of particular routing protocol .There are no. of routing protocols used for finding efficient route on the basis of distance, throughput, network traffic etc. Routing protocols must be used for maintenance of routes as sensor nodes have limited resources like battery power, transmission range etc. So, for an effective data transmission there must be need for an effective routing protocol which must increase data transfer rate .In this paper we study and compare the various routing protocols like LEACH, HEED, DSR,ADSR ,DVR,DSDV on the basis of bandwidth, distance, security and communication overheads. Index Terms – wireless sensor networks, sensor nodes, routing protocols, bandwidth, security.